经常看到一些程序在运行的时候有一个WINDOWS控制台，感觉非常COOL。实际上有的时候帮助你监视系统运行是很方便的，那么怎么样创建一个控制台呢？
实际上WINDOWS为你提供了一系列的API来完成这个功能，例如：ReadConsole,WriteConsole等，具体参见MSDN。
下面我们用一段代码来说明如何创建Console.
1。首先调用AllocConsole函数来为你进程创建一个Console，该API是将当前进程Attache到一个新创建的Console上。你还可以通过调用SetConsoleTitle(tstrName);来设置Console的Title.
2。使用WriteConsoleOutput来将信息输出到Console上；在输出之前，先要得到Console的HANDLE,这通过GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)来得到，然后将信息组织成Console的格式，然后输出。
3。关闭CONSOLE。当不需要这个CONSOLE的时候，调用FreeConsole来将当前进程从Console中Detach中。
4。通过创建一个进程来为监视你的CONSOLE输入和输出；你可以创建一个线程然后来，在线程中取得标准输入和输出CONSOLE的HANDLE，然后循环监视其事件，再对不同的事件进行处理。
下面是我写的一个实现以上功能的接口类：
//头文件
#pragma once
#include <Windows.h>
#include <tchar.h> class CConsoleOutInfo { public: int m_cursorX; int m_cursorY; int m_cursorStartLine; int m_cursorVisible; LPBYTE m_consoleBuffer; };class CConsoleMgr
{ public: CConsoleMgr(void); virtual ~CConsoleMgr(void);BOOL CreateConsole(TCHAR * tstrName,BOOL bFullDosMode=FALSE);
BOOL OutputToConsole(CConsoleOutInfo &outInfo); BOOL CloseConsole();BOOL ThreadIsStart(){return m_hConsoleThread&&m_idConsoleThread;}
virtual DWORD ProcessConsoleInput(INPUT_RECORD* pInputRec,DWORD dwInputs) =0;
protected: void SetConsoleBufferSize(SMALL_RECT &writeRegion, COORD &bufferSize, COORD &bufferCoord);void ResetThreadInfo();
private: HANDLE m_hConsoleThread; DWORD m_idConsoleThread; };//cpp文件
#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "./consolemgr.h"#define MAX_SHADOW_CONSOLE_INPUT_BUFFER 50
DWORD WINAPI ConsoleInputMonitor(LPVOID lParam);
BOOL WINAPI MyHandlerRoutine(DWORD dwCtrlType);CConsoleMgr::CConsoleMgr(void)
{ ResetThreadInfo(); }void CConsoleMgr::ResetThreadInfo()
{ m_hConsoleThread = 0; m_idConsoleThread = 0; }CConsoleMgr::~CConsoleMgr(void)
{ if(m_hConsoleThread&&m_idConsoleThread) CloseConsole(); }BOOL CConsoleMgr::CreateConsole(TCHAR * tstrName,BOOL bFullDosMode)
{ m_hConsoleThread = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ConsoleInputMonitor, this, CREATE_SUSPENDED, &m_idConsoleThread);if (m_hConsoleThread)
{ SetThreadPriority(m_hConsoleThread, THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL);if(AllocConsole())
{ SetConsoleTitle(tstrName); SetConsoleCtrlHandler((PHANDLER_ROUTINE)MyHandlerRoutine,TRUE); if(bFullDosMode) { SetConsoleTitle("Sharing Full Screen DOS"); keybd_event(VK_MENU, (BYTE)MapVirtualKey(VK_MENU, 0), 0, GetMessageExtraInfo()); // Simulate ENTER is pressed, keybd_event(VK_RETURN, (BYTE)MapVirtualKey(VK_RETURN, 0), 0, GetMessageExtraInfo()); // Simulate ENTER is released, keybd_event(VK_RETURN, (BYTE)MapVirtualKey(VK_RETURN, 0), KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, GetMessageExtraInfo()); // Simulate ALT is released, keybd_event(VK_MENU, (BYTE)MapVirtualKey(VK_MENU, 0), KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, GetMessageExtraInfo()); }SetThreadPriority(m_hConsoleThread, THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
ResumeThread(m_hConsoleThread); } return TRUE; } return FALSE; }void CConsoleMgr::SetConsoleBufferSize( SMALL_RECT &writeRegion,
COORD &bufferSize, COORD &bufferCoord) { bufferSize.X = 80; bufferSize.Y = 25; bufferCoord.X = 0; bufferCoord.Y = 0; writeRegion.Top = 0; writeRegion.Left = 0; writeRegion.Bottom = 24; writeRegion.Right = 79; }BOOL CConsoleMgr::OutputToConsole(CConsoleOutInfo &outInfo)
{ HANDLE hConsoleOutput; COORD CursorPosition; COORD bufferSize; COORD bufferCoord; SMALL_RECT writeRegion; CHAR_INFO buffer[25*80]; CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO ConsoleCursorInfo;CursorPosition.X = (SHORT)outInfo.m_cursorX;
CursorPosition.Y = (SHORT)outInfo.m_cursorY; if( outInfo.m_cursorStartLine == 0 ) ConsoleCursorInfo.dwSize = 14; //Default size else ConsoleCursorInfo.dwSize = (DWORD)(0x10-outInfo.m_cursorStartLine)*100/0x10;ConsoleCursorInfo.bVisible = (BOOL)outInfo.m_cursorVisible;
// Convert the raw data to console screen buffer format.
for(int i=0; i<25*80; i++) { buffer[i].Char.AsciiChar = outInfo.m_consoleBuffer[i*2]; buffer[i].Attributes = outInfo.m_consoleBuffer[i*2+1]; }SetConsoleBufferSize(writeRegion,bufferSize,bufferCoord);
// Write texts to screen.
hConsoleOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); WriteConsoleOutput(hConsoleOutput, buffer, bufferSize, bufferCoord, &writeRegion);// Set cursor information.
SetConsoleCursorInfo(hConsoleOutput, &ConsoleCursorInfo);// Set cursor position.
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hConsoleOutput, CursorPosition); return FALSE; }BOOL CConsoleMgr::CloseConsole()
{ DWORD dwEventNum; INPUT_RECORD Input_Record;Input_Record.EventType = MOUSE_EVENT;
Input_Record.Event.MouseEvent.dwMousePosition.X = 0; Input_Record.Event.MouseEvent.dwMousePosition.Y = 0; Input_Record.Event.MouseEvent.dwButtonState = 0; Input_Record.Event.MouseEvent.dwControlKeyState = 0; Input_Record.Event.MouseEvent.dwEventFlags = MOUSE_MOVED;WriteConsoleInput(GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE), &Input_Record, 1, &dwEventNum);
SetConsoleCtrlHandler((PHANDLER_ROUTINE)MyHandlerRoutine,FALSE);
//Waiting for the thread termination.
if( WaitForSingleObject(m_hConsoleThread, 10000) == WAIT_TIMEOUT ) { TerminateThread(m_hConsoleThread, 0); } CloseHandle(m_hConsoleThread);FreeConsole();
ResetThreadInfo();return FALSE;
}DWORD WINAPI ConsoleInputMonitor(LPVOID lParam)
{ CConsoleMgr *pConsoleMgr = (CConsoleMgr *)lParam; if(pConsoleMgr == NULL) return -1;HANDLE hConsoleInput;
DWORD dwInputs; INPUT_RECORD Input_Record[MAX_SHADOW_CONSOLE_INPUT_BUFFER];hConsoleInput = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
FlushConsoleInputBuffer(hConsoleInput);
while( pConsoleMgr->ThreadIsStart() )
{ hConsoleInput = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);// If there are input events in buffer, this object is signaled
WaitForSingleObject(hConsoleInput, INFINITE);GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(hConsoleInput, &dwInputs);
ReadConsoleInput(hConsoleInput, Input_Record,
min(dwInputs,MAX_SHADOW_CONSOLE_INPUT_BUFFER), &dwInputs);pConsoleMgr->ProcessConsoleInput(Input_Record,0);
}return 0;
}BOOL WINAPI MyHandlerRoutine(DWORD dwCtrlType)
{ return TRUE; }如果你想为你的程序创建一个CONSOLE，那么你只要从该类继承即可，然后调用对应的方法。该类没有对输出进行格式化，所以使用起来有些不方便，过段时间处理一下。